Great Leader Queen Elizabeth 1
Friends, when
an empire is established, there is an important contribution of more than one
emperor behind it. Along with the emperor, the power and the population there
also play an important role. Today, we look at the map of the British Empire. I
am talking about that map of the British Empire when the British Empire was at
its peak, and the name of Queen Elizabeth is taken with respect in establishing
this empire.
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| Great Leader Queen Elizabeth 1 |
Friends, today
we will read about the history of Queen Elizabeth, when the British Islands
were isolated, which had no special importance in the politics of Europe. Spain
was a powerful country, and after that, France was also a powerful country. At
that time, there were different monarchies everywhere in England, Scotland, and
Ireland, and they did not get along with each other; competing with the rest of
Europe was a big deal. At such a time, the power of England came into the hands
of the Tudor Dynasty, and the full credit for bringing Britain directly from
the Middle Era to the Modern Era is given to the Tudors Rago, in which Rulers
like King Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary Tudor, and Elizabeth were the main
rulers.
The last ruler
of this Tudor era was Queen Elizabeth I, who did not even marry for nation
building and dedicated her entire life to the nation. Friends, this was the
time when the population of England was divided into two different ideologies.
Some people were staunch Catholics, some were Protestant reformists, and some
just wanted peace. At such a time, after the death of Edward IV, Mary Tudor,
daughter of Henry VIII, became the new queen of England. She was a staunch
Catholic who believed more in dictatorship and wanted to put all the power in
her hands by eliminating the power of parliament. She imprisoned her
half-sister Elizabeth First. She wanted to make the whole of England a staunch
Catholic, due to which the Protestants became angry.
The rest of the
people of the country also got upset with her. It is said that when she fell
ill, people wished for her death, and when she died, people celebrated, and the
parliament released Elizabeth from prison and crowned her. Because Elizabeth
First was a supporter of the Protestant religion, the Catholics became angry
and boycotted her coronation ceremony as well. But Queen Elizabeth was clever.
Though she was
a ruler, she supported Protestant Christianity, but she tried to convince the
Catholics that is, everybody’s company will help in everybody's growth. Well,
friends, most people were happy with their new queen and were hoping that this
queen would definitely bring good days because when the queen took office in
1558, the condition of England was from bad to worse. The country's political,
economic, and religious conditions were bad in every field.
The government
treasury was also empty. The fanaticism had increased a lot. Due to the grace
of the previous queen, Mary Tudor, Spain, France, and Scotland were challenging
the security of England because the country did not have a good army. Here, the
queen first attempted to resolve domestic issues and calm the chaos that had
grown as a result of Mary Tudor and Henry VI's fanatical policies.
She did not
commit any atrocities against the Catholics because till now it used to happen
that whenever a new emperor became a Catholic supporter, he used to commit
atrocities against the Protestants and if a Protestant supporter became the
emperor, he used to commit atrocities against the Catholics, due to which
fanaticism kept spreading among the people, but here Elizabeth tried to bring
both together. She tried to solve the problems of both.
To end the
dispute between the two, a new church was established for the English community,
which was called the Anglican Church, in which the best ideas of both
Protestants and Catholics were brought together. However, during this time, the
rest of the Catholic powers in Europe were trying to make Elizabeth adopt
Catholicism, and if Elizabeth adopted Catholicism, then the whole country's
population would also adopt Catholicism. But the queen remained firm on her
stand and did not adopt Catholicism. Now, the effect of this policy of England
can be seen in the rest of Europe as well.
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| Great Leader Queen Elizabeth 1 |
Due to which
the reformist movement started gaining momentum. Here, the confidence of the
Protestant reformists increased further. Now, whenever there was oppression of
Protestants in any Catholic state, great scholars would go to England, where
the Protestant people were guaranteed security. However, here Queen Elizabeth
did not refuse directly to powers like Spain and France. She persisted in
telling them until the very end that she would eventually wed any Catholic
French or Spanish prince and convert to Catholicism.
Therefore, Spain and France did not go against
Elizabeth. They kept hoping that the queen would marry one day. But friends,
the queen did not marry in her whole life. She supported the Protestant
religion throughout her life. Therefore, this decision of the queen ended both
the internal and external problems of England. When the queen took power, the
reputation of England was weak. However, the queen had learned a lot from the
previous kings. The queen tried to keep England away from matters like war from
the very beginning. Whereas Scotland, Spain, and France all these countries
wanted to destroy England. However, France and Spain also did not get along
with each other. Therefore, Elizabeth took full advantage of their mutual
differences so that they remained entangled among themselves. So that England
could get time to become strong.
Talking about
the relations between France and England, the biggest threat to England at that
time was the staunch Catholic nation, i.e., France. At that time, the king of
France was Francis II, whose queen was Princess Mary Scott of Scotland, who was
claiming the throne of England. Francis II wanted his queen to sit on the
throne of England, so that both nations would become one. That is why the
tension between England and France increased a lot, and a war also took place
in which France had to face defeat. However, when Elizabeth became the queen,
she trapped France in the promise that one day she would marry a French prince,
and that is why France remained trapped in this hope. However, France did not
know that Elizabeth had made a similar promise to Spain as well. Poor France.
Friends,
talking further about the relations between England and Spain, when Elizabeth
was being crowned, the Catholics were opposing it, especially France. But
despite being a Catholic nation, the King of Spain, Philip II, supported
Elizabeth in the hope that later Elizabeth would marry a Spanish prince and
adopt the Catholic religion. But when England's trade policies started going
against Spain, Spain got angry. And started a war against England. Here,
Elizabeth was a peace-loving queen, but when the situation of war arose, by
then the navy of England had developed a lot, so the queen also decided to
respond. By 1588, when Spain sent its huge naval fleet, Amanda to the English Navy
of England defeated the Spanish Navy badly on 29 July 1588.
In this battle,
the naval prestige of Spain suffered a big blow, and the prestige of England
increased a lot. According to many historians, this battle became the reason
for a power transfer. For example, a superpower like Spain had started losing
its power from here, and England had moved forward towards becoming a superpower.
Historian GM Trillion has written that the defeat of the Armada showed the
whole world that the rule of the sea has now gone from the hands of the
Mediterranean people to the hands of Northern Europe, i.e., the British.
Queen Elizabeth needed time, which she got,
and taking advantage of this time, Elizabeth made the navy of England strong
and also ended the internal issues of England. So, friends, France and, apart
from Spain, Scotland were also an enemy country of England. I have already told
you the reason that the Queen of France, Mary Scott, was also the ruler of
Scotland, and she also belonged to the Tudor Dynasty, so she also had a claim
on the throne of England. She also opposed the coronation ceremony of Elizabeth.
She was a
Catholic, so the Catholic population of England supported Mary Scott, but due
to the enmity between Spain and France, Spain supported Elizabeth, because of
which Mary Scott could not become the Queen of England. Mary Scott married the
King of France in 1558, but in 1560, Mary Scott returned to Scotland with King
Charles, where she married her cousin Henry Strauss, from whom she had a son,
James. Mary Scott was accused of murdering Elizabeth.
After which she
was put in jail, but it is said that with the help of some fanatic Catholics,
Mary Scott conspired to kill Elizabeth from the jail itself, due to which she
was given the death penalty in the year 1587. Elizabeth chose Mary Scott's son
James as her successor to present her claim on Scotland, due to which the rule
of Scotland and England became one. Elizabeth was really a clever ruler because
with one decision of hers, both governments became one, and the problem of the
successor was also solved because Elizabeth had not married anyone.
Historians
believe that when Elizabeth wore the crown, it was a crown of thorns because
Elizabeth had big problems in front of her, but one by one Elizabeth ended all
the problems like defeating Spain in the war, entangled France in its internal
affairs, the kingdoms of England and Scotland were united and due to her clear
peace-loving nature, she also developed the economy of England because in that
period England had become a paradise for the Protestant reformists. People who
were troubled by fanatic Catholics in Europe, like artisans, scholars, writers,
and scientists, all of them started coming to England. This benefited England a
lot in the long term, and England's Economic development also took place.
I have already
told you in previous at that time anyone who made any discovery in Europe was
afraid to tell about his discovery in the society because the fear of Catholic
churches was so much, that is why such people started coming to England, which
benefited England and this was the period when the discovery of sea routes was
in full swing, new worlds were being discovered, at the same time, the East
India Company was also established in 1600 for trade relations with India. The
reign of Queen Elizabeth holds an important place in the history of England.
It can also be
called the Elizabethan Era or the Golden Era of England. Elizabeth raised the
prestige of England from the ground to the sky. A queen who did not even marry
for the sake of building her nation, who ruled for 45 years and chose the child
of her special enemy, Mary Scott, as her successor, which also ended the
possibility of civil war. After him, James First became the new emperor who was
given the title of King of Great Britain because now he was the king of England
as well as Scotland and Ireland, and from here begins the British Empire, which
later became the world's largest empire. A big empire was created,
Friends, to
read more about such a great leader, visit our website.
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